Coalesce Function

The COALESCE function in SQL returns the first non-NULL expression among its arguments.
It is the same as the following CASE statement:
SELECT CASE ("column_name")
  WHEN "expression 1 is not NULL" THEN "expression 1"
  WHEN "expression 2 is not NULL" THEN "expression 2"
  ...
  [ELSE "NULL"]
  END
FROM "table_name"
For examples, say we have the following table,
Table Contact_Info

Name	Business_Phone	Cell_Phone	Home_Phone
Jeff	531-2531	622-7813	565-9901
Laura	NULL	772-5588	312-4088
Peter	NULL	NULL	594-7477

and we want to find out the best way to contact each person according to the following rules:
1. If a person has a business phone, use the business phone number.
2. If a person does not have a business phone and has a cell phone, use the cell phone number.
3. If a person does not have a business phone, does not have a cell phone, and has a home phone, use the home phone number.
We can use the COALESCE function to achieve our goal:
SELECT Name, COALESCE(Business_Phone, Cell_Phone, Home_Phone) Contact_Phone
FROM Contact_Info;
Result:

Name	Contact_Phone
Jeff	531-2531
Laura	772-5588
Peter	594-7477

The COALESCE function in SQL returns the first non-NULL expression among its arguments.
It is the same as the following CASE statement:
SELECT CASE ("column_name")
  WHEN "expression 1 is not NULL" THEN "expression 1"
  WHEN "expression 2 is not NULL" THEN "expression 2"
  ...
  [ELSE "NULL"]
  END
FROM "table_name"
For examples, say we have the following table,
Table Contact_Info

Name	Business_Phone	Cell_Phone	Home_Phone
Jeff	531-2531	622-7813	565-9901
Laura	NULL	772-5588	312-4088
Peter	NULL	NULL	594-7477

and we want to find out the best way to contact each person according to the following rules:
1. If a person has a business phone, use the business phone number.
2. If a person does not have a business phone and has a cell phone, use the cell phone number.
3. If a person does not have a business phone, does not have a cell phone, and has a home phone, use the home phone number.
We can use the COALESCE function to achieve our goal:
SELECT Name, COALESCE(Business_Phone, Cell_Phone, Home_Phone) Contact_Phone
FROM Contact_Info;
Result:

Name	Contact_Phone
Jeff	531-2531
Laura	772-5588
Peter	594-7477

Posted in: SQL Query